Brief introduction of “king of new materials” carbon fiber

Carbon fiber is black, with light weight, high strength, easy molding, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and other excellent properties. It has been widely used in aerospace, wind power blades, sports and leisure, pressure vessels, carbon / carbon composites, transportation construction and many other fields.
1. Performance characteristics of carbon fiber
2. Main classification of carbon fiber
Carbon fibers can be classified according to different dimensions such as precursor type, mechanical properties, tow specification and precursor preparation process. The classification standards of different types of carbon fibers are as follows:
1) Type of precursor
According to the type of precursor, carbon fiber is mainly divided into pan based carbon fiber, asphalt based carbon fiber and viscose based carbon fiber. Among them, due to the relatively simple production process, excellent mechanical properties and wide applications, PAN based carbon fiber has rapidly occupied the mainstream position since it came out in the 1960s, accounting for more than 90% of the total carbon fiber; The output scale of asphalt base and viscose base is small. Therefore, at present, carbon fiber generally refers to PAN based carbon fiber.
2) Mechanical properties
Carbon fiber is widely used as reinforcement material because of its excellent mechanical properties, so it is mainly classified by mechanical properties in the industry. The classification of products in the industry mainly refers to the brand of Toray, Japan, and determines the brand and grade of its own products on this basis.
3) Tow specification
According to the number of single filaments in each bundle, carbon fibers can be divided into two categories: small tow and large tow. It is generally named according to the ratio of the number of monofilaments in the carbon fiber to 1000. For example, 12K refers to the carbon fiber containing 12000 monofilaments in a single bundle of carbon fibers.
4) Preparation technology of raw silk
According to the selection of spinning solvent, the continuity of polymerization process and the process method used for spinning, the preparation of precursor can be divided into different process types: according to the spinning solvent, including DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), DMAC (n, N-Dimethylacetamide), NaSCN (sodium thiocyanate) and other different solvent types. According to the continuity of polymerization process, it can be divided into one-step and two-step; According to the spinning process, it can be divided into wet spinning and dry jet wet spinning. The selection and stability of spinning process are the key factors